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Fire damage assessment of hot rolled structural steel

The assessment of fire damaged hot rolled structural steel is an area in which most engineers and architects have little practical experience. On many occasions fire affected steelwork shows little or no distortion resulting in considerable uncertainty regarding its re-usability. This is particularly true in situations where fire has resulted in some parts of the structure exhibiting little or no damage alongside areas where considerable damage and distortion are clearly visible.

The principal source of information on this subject can be found in the Corus Publication ‘The Reinstatement of Fire Damaged Steel and Iron Framed Structures, Figure 64 shown below.   Its main conclusions are summarised.

Figure 64 Reinstatement of Fire Damaged Steel and Iron Framed Structures 
   

Behaviour of BS EN 10025 grade S275 steel

A modern grade S275 hot rolled structural steel section, subjected to fire conditions which raises its temperature above 600ºC, may suffer some deterioration in residual properties on cooling.

Behaviour of BS EN 10025 grade S355 steel

Grade S355 hot rolled structural steel also suffers losses in residual yield and tensile strength when subjected to temperature over 600ºC in fire.

Re-use of fire damaged steel

Every building should be considered as a separate case and the structural engineer involved in the reinstatement exercise must decide what level is acceptable to satisfy the relevant Codes.

Reasons for fire damage

All materials weaken with increasing temperature and steel is no exception.

 

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